Thoughts From the River, A story by Jim Pfitzer
Thoughts From the River
I don’t see these friends often. Most of them I only visit with for about twenty-four hours each fall when we gather for an overnight paddle on the Wisconsin River between Baraboo and Madison, WI. All men, all paddling solo canoes, the 12-15 of us make quite a caravan on the river. We begin around 4:00 in the afternoon and most years we paddle through the sunset and continue for a while after dark until we come to a sandbar where we camp for the night. The next morning after breakfast, we continue down river for several hours before taking out and having a late lunch at a roadside restaurant or tavern.
Each year presents its challenges. Two years ago was the snowy trip with nighttime temps in the low teens and daytime highs that felt nearly the same. Due some warm-weather paddlers on that trip, we cut it short. Last year, high, fast water forced camping into the woods and caused three folks to dump their boats and swim. This year the biggest hurdle was a ferocious upstream wind. Gusts were without question over thirty miles and hour and some estimated them to be forty. The river appeared to be flowing backwards! We ended up paddling upstream on the first day, then back down on the second. The jury is still out on which direction was more difficult.
For me, two of the highlights of the trip are the potluck meals we prepare evening and morning in camp. Some of the all-star entrees have included homemade tamales, beef and garden fresh veggies wrapped in foil with all the right seasonings and cooked over the fire, cocoa encrusted goat cheese on artisan crackers, stone-ground grits slow cooked in a cast iron Dutch oven, and homemade biscuits baked in a fireside reflector oven. My contribution this year was Italian sausage from Chattanooga’s own Link 41 which we grilled over the fire then diced and added to the grits.
Over breakfast, I thought about the food, the visits, and the stories and memories we share on these trips, and I realized what really makes them special. For this brief time, we form a community without phones or internet, without automobiles and fossil fuels, without television or radio, without calendars telling us where to be or clocks reminding us when. We take very few processed foods. We cook in camp, over a fire, and eat whenever it is ready. We do things slowly, deliberately, and intentionally; each contributes something and all receive a bounty. Most of the foods we eat can be traced back to personal gardens, local farmers markets, and CSA’s around the country.
Nothing about our trip is fast–we travel by canoe, we cook over a fire, we tell stories, and when needed, we take care of each other. We reach our destination right on time because we are on no schedule, our food is delicious and nutritious because it is made from the best ingredients and prepared with love, our visits are priceless because they are without agenda, and nobody is disappointed because there are no expectations. We haul each other’s boats, set up each other’s tents, serve each other meals. We are a community because we choose to be.
When we came off the river and stopped at a little tavern for lunch this year, we were told that we would not be served. There were too many of us. “You will ruin our afternoon,” they said. We left confused by the notion that giving them business and that serving someone could have such an affect. We went somewhere else and were greeted with a smile, treated warmly, served lovingly. We were all pleased to have been kicked out of the first place and took our time eating, sharing stories, visiting-extending our slowness as long as we could. When we handed our server a wad of cash-the biggest tip I have ever seen-as we left, I thought she might cry, and we felt great.
When you pick up your box of food this week, consider how you might slow down a bit in your enjoyment. Set aside an evening to visit with a friend over preparation of a meal, then take your time eating. Take the time to appreciate what you have and with whom you share it. It is amazing how, when we deliberately slow down, time seems to slow with us! We have a choice in the matter. We can get caught up in the current flowing around us and race on with the pack, or we can slow down, eddy out, pull up on a sand bar with friends, and watch the world go by for a while. Give the latter a try. You might be surprised what you find.
The Peaceful Farmer, A story by Jim Pfitzer
The Peaceful Farmer
When Lia Carchietta left school in Pennsylvania for Tennessee, her intention was not to finish her education so she could work five days a week, eight hours a day, laboring on a farm for no pay, but that is what she is doing and she couldn’t be happier about it.
| Happily Washing Greens at Crabtree |
She was washing greens in an outdoor sink when farm manager Jennie Bartoletti introduced us. Lia was enjoying her work so much, I half expected to conduct our interview there, standing in the gravel, my notebook splashed with water. Had it not been for Jennie’s suggestion that we find a more comfortable place in the kitchen, that is most likely what would have happened.
Although Lia’s aspirations extend well beyond her days at Crabtree Farms, she does not expect her future work to be any easier or require fewer hours. Quite the contrary, in fact. As she gains valuable farm experience, Lia is waiting for an answer from the Peace Corps.
When she first started college in PA, Lia planned on going into veterinary medicine, but when her father was transferred to Chattanooga and she followed, more than just her geography changed. Upon transfer to the University of Tennessee, Lia joined Sigma Alpha, a sorority for women in agriculture. She added a minor in food and agriculture business and found a real passion there.
When asked how the younger sister of a hairdresser ended up being so passionate about farming, Lia laughed. “I’m a little different,” she admitted. “My sisters have that Jersey attitude. People don’t believe I’m from there.”
Lia says she loves Chattanooga. “I get along with the people…and there’s agriculture and mountains!” She added that maybe when she is old and gray, if her parents are still here, she might come back to the Scenic City, but first she has some work to do.
The Peace Corp application process is a long one, and Lia hopes to be accepted and on her way in early 2012. Based on what she has learned thus far, she expects to go to Asia and work in agricultural economics, but she is well aware that the Corps decides where and what their people do. “You never know, they could change plans and send me to Africa…sometimes people get to their village and get a completely different job. You have to be open to anything.”
A position in agricultural economics would have this twenty-five-year-old advising farmers about how to better serve their markets and make a living out of farming, but Lia hopes to land in a more labor intensive job. “I love coming here and working outside,” she says with a big smile.
And after the Peace Corp? “I might go into environmental studies,” she says thoughtfully. “My main goal is to work with third world people…help families become sustainable with the resources they have.”
Throughout our chat, Lia stressed that she hasn’t been accepted in the Peace Corp yet, and although I couldn’t imagine a rejection, I asked her what she would do if they did say “no.” Her answer came quickly and with clarity. “I will apply again and try to work on a farm.” Either way, this passionate young woman seems poised and ready to make a big difference wherever she lands.
Pig Roast 2011, A story by Jim Pfitzer
Pig Roast 2011
Or, Free Beer For the Children
(No, the children don’t get the beer, the children just get the benefits of the beer.)
Okay, I can see that this headline is not going well… just read the article!
In his book Ravens In Winter Bernd Heinrich wrote, “There is no greater pleasure than eating roasted moose while sitting under a spruce and contemplating ravens.” I often quote Heinrich to express my delight in the simple, quiet, solo times, and to remind myself how important those experiences are. But my friends will tell you that I also often repeat my own words: “There is a reason there are more than one of us on the planet,” and let’s face it, sometimes we need to be out in the open, eating our meat in public, conversing with old friends, meeting new ones, and scaring away the ravens with great music. I can think of no greater reason for there being more than one of us on the planet than The Crabtree Farms Pig Roast 2011.
This year’s roast promises to be loads of fun and delicious with music from The Dismembered Tennesseans and The New Binkley Brothers, healthy local food prepared by Greenlife Grocery, and of course mounds of slow-roasted BBQ! To wash it all down and help get your feet shuffling to all that great music, Chattanooga Brewing Company is throwing in Free Beer! And of course for the vegetarians, vegans, pigaphobes, Californians, and Martians there will be plenty of non-pig food on hand as well.
And for those who fancy themselves to be BBQ chefs, there will be a Hittin’ the Sauce Contest! Amateurs and professionals, backyard saucers, restaurateurs, individuals, and teams will be competing to win fabulous prizes including a feature in the Chattanooga Times Free Press. Sauces will be judged in a blind taste test by those in attendance at the Pig Roast. In other words, you get to decide the winners! The deadline for entering your sauce has passed, but now is the time to scope the competition and begin working on your own recipe for next year!
As easy as you may be enticed by music, food, beer, and sauce to buy a dozen tickets to the roast for you and all your cousins, there is a more important reason to come out to the farm next weekend: your ticket purchase supports Crabtree’s much-needed Community Education Programs and Services. Throughout the school year, children visit the farm, often getting their first
ever, genuine farm experience. At Crabtree they might learn where their food comes from or how to make a salad. They may get to see how mushrooms grow or hear an inspiring farm story. Or make a farm journal. Or do a farm-related craft project. They might even get to pick their own blackberries! And none of that can happen without raising some funds, so buy your ticket now!
The Pig Roast kicks off at 6pm on October 8th.
Supper is from 7:15-8:30pm
The Roast will Rock ’til Dark!
September Showers Bring…Mushrooms!!! A story by Jim Pfitzer
September Showers Bring… Mushrooms!!!
Kneeling down to get a closer look, I read the little white plastic tag stapled to the end of the oak log. It was faded and smeared but barely legible still: FF-WW70-4/10–a record of the source, variety, and date plugged. Not all of our tags held up as well as this one. Some were missing altogether, others were broken or too faint to make out-the result of too many months stored in the corner of my yard without proper shade. These logs would remain anonymous until they fruited.
Even without a label the species growing in the log I was examining was clear. A nice crop of beautiful little shiitake mushrooms was just budding. A half-dozen other logs were showing the same promise and would be ready to harvest in a few days, and I have renewed hope for the other dozen-or-so logs yet to reveal fruit.
As indicated by the tag, the logs were inoculated nearly a year-and-a-half ago and, frankly, I had given them up for dead. For more than a year after plugging, the logs sat in my backyard with nowhere near enough shade. By the time I moved them to the woods of Flying Turtle Farm on Lookout Mountain, many of the wax seals were melted and the spawn gone. And yet a bounty of mushrooms is now emerging thanks to tropical storm Lee!
Many folks soak their logs or water them with irrigation systems to force them to fruit, but for these logs, nine-plus inches of rain did the trick just fine, and this morning–just four days after first encountering the crop–they were big enough to begin harvesting.
Matt Shigekawa, mushroom guru, fellow CSA share worker, and close watcher of the logs at Crabtree tells me that there is a nice crop coming on there as well, something Executive Director Joel Houser confirmed this morning, adding that shiitakes would soon be appearing in our share boxes.
If you don’t know shiitakes or what to do with them, you are in an
ever-decreasing minority of folks as this delicious fungus has become the second most popular mushroom out there, behind the ubiquitous white buttons.
While I have enjoyed eating them for a while now, what surprised me two years ago (and again this week) was how easy and relatively inexpensive it is to grow shiitake mushrooms. With just a couple simple tools, some melted wax, a few oak logs and a bag of spawn, anybody with a shady yard or a patch of woods can be in business. And if you get a few friends together, throw in some beer, and make it a party, the inoculation can be a lot of fun!
My shiitake growing experiment began a couple months before our beer-fueled April afternoon when I attended a shiitake workshop at Crabtree, something Houser assured me will happen again this coming winter. Over the course of a morning, an enthusiastic group of students learned everything we needed to know, including resources for buying equipment and spawn, to get started, while prepping a mess of logs for the farm-a win-win for sure.
Look for tasty shiitakes in your box over the upcoming weeks and this winter check in with Crabtree about learning how to do it yourself. And if you want to help out, I will be cutting up a couple oaks on Lookout Mountain in the next couple weeks and having another inoculation party up here on the mountain!
A visit from one of Crabtree Farms’ neighbors
Robert Neal remembers growing up near the property where Crabtree Farms is now located. Now 83 years old, he still lives right next door to the house he was born in, and his backyard runs right into the farm. He visited us for the first time today since Crabtree opened over 10 years ago.
Mr. Neal told us about going down to the creek next to the farm and hunting for crayfish, and hunting rabbits where our Shiitake mushroom logs are now. He also recounted stories about the people who lived and worked here ago, and how there were even horses that grazed here. It was fascinating to hear his stories and about the history of the land we grow on! We are very honored that he stopped by!
Need a good recipe for Butternut Squash?
Soup’s On!
I don’t know what is happening down in the valley this morning, but up here on the mountain it is beginning to feel like fall–ironic given my most recent newsletter proclaiming the ongoing “dog days of summer.” The past few days I have donned a hat and sweater for my morning rounds and two wool blankets top my bed. Don’t get me wrong, I’m not suggesting that winter is here, or even fall for that matter, but we are entering that unpredictable seasonal weather pendulum, which can only mean one thing. It’s time for another all-recipe edition of the CSA newsletter–this time focusing on a couple of late summer reliables–peppers and winter squash.
Our first recipe comes fromPrairieland CSA in Sountern Illinois. They are using acorn squash, but try it with butternut or sweet dumplings!
Curried Squash and Mushroom Soup
adapted from The Moosewood Cookbook
3 small acorn, hearts of gold, kuri, and/or buttercup squash
2 1/2 c water or stock
2 T butter
1/2 c choppped onion
1 med. clove garlic, crushed
1 1/4 t salt
1/2 t ground cumin
1/2 t ground coriander
1/2 t ground cinnamon
3/4 t ground ginger
1/4 t ground dry mustard
few dashes of cayenne
6 oz fresh mushrooms, sliced
1 c orange juice
optional: fresh lemon juice
optional garnishes: yogurt, toasted almonds
Split the squash lenthwise and bake face-down on an oiled sheet at 375 degrees F until soft, about 30 minutes. cool and scoop out flesh. You will need about 3 cups. Puree with the water or stock in a food processor until smooth. Heat butter in a soup pot; add onion, garlic, salt, and seasonings. Saute until onion is soft. Add mushrooms, cover and cook 10 minutes. Stir in squash puree and orange juice; heat gently. Adjust seasonings to taste. Stir in lemon juice, if desired. Soup does not have to be served immediately, and will hold on stove top. Serve as is, or topped with yogurt and/or almonds.
September Thanks, A story by Jim Pfitzer
September Thanks
It is September in Tennessee and, unlike in so many of our northern states where the sumacs have been bright red for a couple weeks already, we are still in the dog days of summer. Temperatures are still routinely in the nineties and summer crops, after months of oppression, have mostly given in. If we didn’t take the time to can, tomatoes we were so recently deluged with are gone until spring. Any summer squash remaining in the field is filled with bugs. Basil stands tall, woody and full of seed. For one lacking vision around the corner, looking across a vegetable farm field in September can be a wholly depressing endeavor.
It is a hard time for farms. The farmer tries to milk all she can out of this growing season–stretching it farther than is rational, while sometimes putting fall crops in the ground earlier than she should in hopes of closing the gap between summer vegetables and winter greens.
It is no less difficult a season for the CSA member to trudge through. So recently, a bulging box created wonderful challenges–how to eat it all before the next one arrives, or how to find time in the week for canning, dehydrating, or freezing. Now we look into our lightened boxes and wonder how we will supplement this small yield.
This is the nature of things when relying on farming for sustenance. In his Sand County Almanac, Aldo Leopold posited a “spiritual danger in not owning a farm…the danger of supposing that breakfast comes from the grocery.” How fortunate are we who have the luxury of buying into a farm and having the great reward of someone else’s hard labors throughout the seasons with only a small investment up front! And how much more blessed are we to have the convenience of farmers’ markets with a variety of farmers’ specialties, and grocery stores with trucked in produce to fill in the gaps during these “tween” seasons!
Beginning the season, the CSA farmer projects a value on the weekly yield and tries to meet that week in and week out. There are the occasional boxes that nail it, but the reality is that through most of thee season, and especially when the season is in full swing and crops are bumper, our boxes are nearly always valued greater than the investment we made all those months ago. Unfortunately, it only stands to reason there will be weeks where the value drags behind. I think we can call that time, “September.”
If you question my assertions, do a little experiment next season. When you pick up your box, weigh and list everything in it, then go to the health food store (because you cannot directly compare the quality of the produce in your box with what you find at a conventional grocery store) and figure up what it would have cost you to buy it there. Add that up over the season and compare it to your initial investment. Or, trust me when I tell you that the return is well in your favor.
With that in mind, how many times when your box was full of five or six varieties of tomatoes, heavy with summer squash, or overflowing with kale and collards, did you take time to thank your farmer for giving you so much more than you paid for? I am sure some of you did, but I suspect many of us never really thought about it.
And now it is September and the boxes are thin, but the farmers are still working as hard as ever. So let’s thank them now–now when they must be wishing more than you and me there was more to harvest. Now after working so hard all season long to keep things going. Let’s remember that while we have been able to drive our air conditioned cars from our air conditioned jobs to pick up our food, they have been getting up at the crack of dawn all summer long to plant, prune, harvest, wash, sort and box our food, and they have been doing it without the luxury of climate control. They do it in the rain, in the oppressive heat, in the humidity, in spite of drought, insects, sweat, and fatigue.
Yes, folks, it is September, and I for one am very thankful to still be able to pick up a box of food every week despite all the forces working against that happening.
Thinking Like a Mountain, A story by Jim Pfitzer
Thinking Like a Mountain
“There are two things that interest me: the relation of people to each other and the relation of people to the land.” -Aldo Leopold
For ages people have written of ethical dilemmas and responsibilities. Homer dealt with the responsibilities of Odysseus to his household and wife, and vice versa. Kant wrote of a moral imperative to respect each other. Aristotle saw the virtues as dispositions to act in ways that benefit the self and society. Moses brought the Ten Commandments down from the mountain. Then, in 1949, a new thought emerged in ethics.
Not long after his untimely death in 1948, Aldo Leopold’s A Sand County Almanac was published and in it, Leopold put forth the notion of a land ethic, that we have responsibilities not just to each other and to society, but to the entire biosphere–the air, the water, the plants and other animals, the land. He challenged ranchers to “think like a mountain,” and foresters to value resources in ways other than economic, and all of us to question our very understanding of the “balance of nature.”
As he wrapped up his Almanac, Leopold turned the attention of his land ethics to include with the ecologists and conservationists, the farmers. He wrote of a new vision of “biotic farming” in which “poundage or tonnage is no measure of the food-value of farm crops,” challenging us to measure the products of fertile soil qualitatively as well as quantitatively, that bolstering production through fertilizers was not bolstering value.
Leopold even took a look at organic farmers (and this was in the forties) saying that “while bearing some of the earmarks of a cult” organic farming is heading in a biotic direction in its insistence on the importance of soil flora and fauna, and calls on all farmers to stop looking at the land as an adversary, but to develop an ethical relation to land. This relationship with the land, he says, can only exist with love, respect, admiration, “and a high regard for its value…something far broader than mere economic value…value in the philosophical sense.
“We shall hardly relinquish the shovel, which after all has many good points,” says Leopold in his closing words, “but we are in need of gentler and more objective criteria for its successful use.”
Perhaps this visionary conservationist would be proud of the efforts of farms like Crabtree. I suspect he would applaud the lofty goals of organizations like Gaining Ground. I am certain he would appreciate the community building work of our many farmers’ markets, CSA’s, and burgeoning co-ops. I am equally certain, however, that he would not allow any of us to rest here, but would challenge us to keep pushing forward, to make certain we do more than just develop and hold fast to an ethical relationship to the land, but that we pass on that ethic to our children, that we look at healthy soils and ecosystems not just as they relate to our crops, this season, but at how they can continue to evolve and sustain themselves beyond our vision.
Our time here is short, and vision, especially with objectivity, is difficult to find on such a short scale, but the land’s time is immeasurably long and its perspective hardly fathomable. In his essay Thinking Like a Mountain, Leopold posits that “only the mountain has lived long enough to listen objectively to the howl of the wolf.” This might be true, but with the right land ethic we can at least try to put ourselves in the mountain’s shoes if only for a while.
On Thursday, September 8th at 7 p.m. Gaining Ground will host a screening of Green Fire: Aldo Leopold and New Land Ethic For Our Time. The screening will be free of charge and for those interested, an informal discussion will follow at the Terminal Brewhouse.
Build It and They Will Come, A story by Jim Pfitzer
A year-and-a-half ago Benwood Foundation, through its newly formed Gaining Ground project, awarded a number of grants to local farms, farmers, and market as a first step in supporting local food economy. One of the grant recipients was a newly-formed cooperative hoping to find ways they could share resources to meet needs too great for one small farm alone. One of the issues on the table then and now, is the need for a local USDA processing facility for poultry. This week I sat down with Dave Waters of River Ridge Farm to find out how he manages to provide chicken at local markets in spite of this great need.
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| Dave and Verlinda Waters With a Few of Their Laying Hens |
When Waters speaks of “clean” chickens, he means not only birds raised on organic feed, but pastured birds that are able to forage and hunt insects, birds that aren’t raised in packed warehouses like the organic chicken you find at “health food” stores like Whole Foods and Earth Faire.
Federal laws allow for farms processing fewer than 10,000 birds a year to slaughter and package them on the farm for sale to restaurants and individuals, but Waters questions what farmers have the time and resources to undertake such an endeavor, not to mention that some folks simply get squeamish about that kind of work. Plus, it would take him about a half hour to take one bird from pasture to refrigerator doing it himself and he raises around 350 birds at a time. Pretty easy math puts that total process at about 175 man-hours not including the setup and clean up involved. So Waters makes the eight-hour round trip drive with twelve hours of hard slaughterhouse work in between.
Pitching in saves Waters a little money, keeping the added transportation cost down to two dollars per bird passed on to consumers. Of course the man who does this “to bring clean food to people” does not pass on the cost of his own labor.
With a local processor says Waters, “We could get local chicken in Earth Faire, Whole Foods, and other markets” that currently truck in less responsibly raised chickens from around the country, and bring better food to more people.
I also chatted with Butch Tolley of the Cooperative of Chattanooga Area Sustainable Farmers. Until recently, the farmers co-op was open only to farmers for membership, but according to Tolley, they are now asking non-farmers to join as supporting members. Memberships are inexpensive and support the efforts of these local farms as they work to better serve our community. If you are interested in becoming a member, or are simply curious about what they are up to, please visit their new web site at: www.chattanoogasustainablefarmers.com. You can also contact Butch directly at butch@cloverwreath.com.
Way Down Yonder in The Paw-Paw Patch, A story by Jim Pfitzer
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| Ripe Paw-Paws |
Paw-paws vary in taste and have been bred for flavor characteristics ranging from vanilla to banana to caramel to the variety at Crabtree that is more like a mango in flavor. They are great additions to homemade ice cream or fruit smoothies, or are delicious eaten right out of the skin with a spoon.
To get to the flesh, simply cut through the paw-paw to the seeds and work your way around the fruit as if you were halving an avocado. Pull the halves apart and use a spoon to scrape the flesh and seeds out of the shell. You can clean the seeds in your mouth, then spit them out if you are eating them “straight” or pick the seeds out first if you are adding them to a tasty treat.
In spite of their delicious meat, the paw-paw fruit has never taken root commercially largely because it isn’t ripe until it falls off tree, and it only has a two to three day shelf life-maybe a up to a week if harvested right away and refrigerated immediately. The trees are also difficult to transplant, so growing paw-paw orchards would be difficult.
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| Young Paw-Paw Patch |





